Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era

改革開(kāi)放之初，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨發(fā)出了走自己的路、建設(shè)中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義的偉大號(hào)召。從那時(shí)以來(lái)，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨團(tuán)結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全國(guó)各族人民不懈奮斗，推動(dòng)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力、科技實(shí)力、國(guó)防實(shí)力、 綜合國(guó)力進(jìn)入世界前列，推動(dòng)中國(guó)國(guó)際地位實(shí)現(xiàn)前所未有的提升，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的面貌、中國(guó)的面貌、中國(guó)人民的面貌、中國(guó)軍隊(duì)的面貌、中華民族的面貌發(fā)生了前所未有的變化，中華民族正以嶄新姿態(tài)屹立于世界的東方。

In the early days of reform and opening up, the Party called for blazing our own trail in our push to build a socialist country with Chinese characteristics. Unremitting efforts by the Chinese people under the leadership of the Party have since then propelled China to preeminence -never seen before - on the world stage. Not only has China become one of the biggest economies in the world, it is now also a leader in science and technology and defense capabilities. Its composite national strength, in particular, is reassuring. Changes have been unprecedented. They are evident in all aspects of our society - our Party, our government, our people, and our armed forces. A new Chinese nation now stands tall in the East.

經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期努力，中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義進(jìn)入了新時(shí)代，這是中國(guó)發(fā)展新的歷史方位。

Decades of hard work have paid off. The process of building a socialist country with Chinese characteristics has entered a new phase. We are now at a new historic juncture.

作出這個(gè)重大政治判斷，是一項(xiàng)關(guān)系全局的戰(zhàn)略考量。中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義進(jìn)入新時(shí)代，意味著近代以來(lái)久經(jīng)磨難的中華民族迎來(lái)了從站起來(lái)、富起來(lái)到強(qiáng)起來(lái)的偉大飛躍，迎來(lái)了實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的光明前景；意味著科學(xué)社會(huì)主義在二十一世紀(jì)的中國(guó)煥發(fā)出強(qiáng)大生機(jī)活力，在世界上雨高舉起了中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗 幟；意味著中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義道路、理論、制度、文化不斷發(fā)展，拓展了發(fā)展中國(guó)家走向現(xiàn)代化的途徑，給世界上那些既希望加快發(fā)展又希望保持自身獨(dú)立性的國(guó)家和民族提供了全新選擇，為解決人類(lèi)問(wèn)題貢獻(xiàn)了中國(guó)智慧和中國(guó)方案。

This strategic assessment has wide-ranging implications. A new era calls for new strategic thinking. Gone are the long nightmares that haunted us in modem history. The Chinese nation has pulled off a great leap from standing up and moving towards prosperity to standing strong. It is time for great national renewal. What we have achieved proves that scientific socialism is alive and well in 21st century China, and the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics is flying high. While constantly evolving in response to new challenges, the path of development we take, the theory that guides us forward, the political system we embrace, and the culture we nurture provide anchors in our journey to modernization, and have lit a beacon of hope for other nations yearning for accelerated development but keen to protect their independence. They reflect Chinese wisdom, and represent key elements of a Chinese approach to addressing the problems facing mankind.

這個(gè)新時(shí)代，是承前啟后、繼往開(kāi)來(lái)、在新的歷史條件下繼續(xù)奪取中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義偉大勝利的時(shí)代，是決勝全面建成小康社會(huì)、進(jìn)而全面建設(shè)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化強(qiáng)國(guó)的時(shí)代，是全國(guó)各族人民團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗、不斷創(chuàng)造美好生活、逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)全體人民共同富裕的時(shí)代，是全體中華兒女戮力同心、奮力實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興中國(guó)夢(mèng)的時(shí)代，是我國(guó)日益走近世界舞臺(tái)中央、不斷為人類(lèi)作出更大貢獻(xiàn)的時(shí)代。

The advent of this new era provides us an opportunity to build on past successes, and further unlock the potential of socialism with Chinese characteristics in a new context. It is time to complete the process of building a moderately prosperous society, and move on to the next phase of building a great modern socialist country. It is time for all of us - people of all ethnic groups - to work together to create a better future and bring prosperity to everyone, and make the Chinese Dream of national renewal come true. It is time for China to move closer to center stage in the international arena and make greater contributions to mankind.

中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義進(jìn)入新時(shí)代，在中華人民共和國(guó)發(fā)展史上、中華民族發(fā)展史上具有重大意義，在世界社會(huì)主義發(fā)展史上、人類(lèi)社會(huì)發(fā)展史上也具有重大意義。

From the perspective of history, this new era is of paramount importance to China and its people, and to the development of socialism in an international context and the development of human society.

新時(shí)代要有新氣象，更要有新作為。必須按照新時(shí)代的要求，完善發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和各項(xiàng)政策，推進(jìn)和落實(shí)各項(xiàng)工作。

With the arrival of the new era there are new expectations. It is essential to adjust our development strategy and policies in response to new realities.

習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義思想
Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era

中共十八大以來(lái)，國(guó)內(nèi)外形勢(shì)變化和我國(guó)各項(xiàng)事業(yè)發(fā)展都給中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨提出了一個(gè)重大時(shí)代課題，這就是必須從理論和實(shí)踐結(jié)合上系統(tǒng)回答新時(shí)代堅(jiān)持和發(fā)展什么樣的中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義、怎樣堅(jiān)持和發(fā)展中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義。

Since our 18th National Congress, changes have taken place both in and outside China, and great progress has been made in all areas of China’s endeavors. This new dynamic presents us with a profound new question: what kind of socialism with Chinese characteristics should we pursue for the new era in theory and in practice, and how we should pursue it.

圍繞這個(gè)重大時(shí)代課題，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨堅(jiān)持以馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、“三個(gè)代表”重要思想、科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo)，堅(jiān)持解放思想、實(shí)事求是、與時(shí)俱進(jìn)、求真務(wù)實(shí)，堅(jiān)持辯證唯物主義和歷史唯物主義，緊密結(jié)合新的時(shí)代條件和實(shí)踐要求，以全新的視野深化對(duì)共產(chǎn)黨執(zhí)政規(guī)律、社會(huì)主義建設(shè)規(guī)律、人類(lèi)社會(huì)發(fā)展規(guī)律的認(rèn)識(shí)，進(jìn)行了艱辛理論探索，取得重大理論創(chuàng)新成果，形成了習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義思想。

Our answer to this question is guided by principles of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of “Three Represents”，and the Scientific Outlook on Development. It requires out-of-box thinking and a pragmatic approach that is in synch with the march of the times and responds to evolving realities. Committed to the principles of dialectical and historical materialism, we are seeking out new perspectives through a careful analysis of what is required for a new era to better understand key issues that bear upon the governance by the Party, the development of socialism, and the evolution of human society. Theoretical study in this connection has been ongoing, and innovative ideas have been proposed, giving shape to the Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

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習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義思想，明確堅(jiān)持和發(fā)展中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義，總?cè)蝿?wù)是實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化和中華民族偉大復(fù)興，在全面建成小康社會(huì)的基礎(chǔ)上分兩步走，在本世紀(jì)中葉建成富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧美麗的社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化強(qiáng)國(guó)；

This thought makes clear that the overarching goal of pursuing socialism with Chinese characteristics is to realize socialist modernization and bring about national renewal, and that after the completion of the process of building of a moderately prosperous society, a two-step approach should be taken to build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful by the middle of the century.

明確新時(shí)代我國(guó)社會(huì)主要矛盾是人民日益增長(zhǎng)的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的發(fā)展之間的矛盾，必須堅(jiān)持以人民為中心的發(fā)展思想，不斷促進(jìn)人的全面發(fā)展、全體人民共同富裕；

It explains that the major challenge facing Chinese society in the new era is how to address unbalanced and inadequate development and satisfy the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life. We must therefore remain committed to our people-centered development philosophy, and spare no efforts to promote human development and achieve prosperity for everyone.

明確中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)總體布局是“五位一體”、戰(zhàn)略布局是“四個(gè)全面”，強(qiáng)調(diào)堅(jiān)定道路自信、理論自信、制度自信、文化自信；

It articulates our overall approach to promoting economic, political, cultural, and social development and environmental protection, and the four-pronged strategy of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society, pursuing an expanded in-depth reform agenda, improving the rule of law, and strengthening Party discipline. It highlights the importance of confidence in the path we take, theory that guides us forward, the political system we choose, and the culture we nurture.

明確全面深化改革總目標(biāo)是完善和發(fā)展中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義制度、推進(jìn)國(guó)家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化；

The thought also makes clear that:The goal of our expanded in-depth reform agenda is to improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and modernize China’s national governance system and capacity;

明確全面推進(jìn)依法治國(guó)總目標(biāo)是建設(shè)中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義法治體系、建設(shè)社會(huì)主義法治國(guó)家；

Our campaign to promote the rule of law is intended to strengthen the socialist rule of law with

Chinese characteristics and build a socialist country where the rule of law is respected;

明確黨在新時(shí)代的強(qiáng)軍目標(biāo)是建設(shè)一支聽(tīng)黨指揮、能打勝仗、作風(fēng)優(yōu)良的人民軍隊(duì)，把人民軍隊(duì)建設(shè)成為世界一流軍隊(duì)；

The Party^，s national defense strategy for the new era focuses on building a well-disciplined, world-class military under the Party’s command able to fight and win major wars;

明確中國(guó)特色大國(guó)外交要推動(dòng)構(gòu)建新型國(guó)際關(guān)系，推動(dòng)構(gòu)建人類(lèi)命運(yùn)共同體；

Our foreign policy that reflects our standing on the world stage aims to foster a new model of international relations and build a community of a shared future for mankind;

明確中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義最本質(zhì)的特征是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義制度的最大優(yōu)勢(shì)是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，黨是最高政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力量，提出新時(shí)代黨的建設(shè)總要求，突出政治建設(shè)在黨的建設(shè)中的重要地位。

The defining feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics, as well as the greatest strength of our system, is leadership by the CPC, the highest level of political power, underscoring the importance of political awareness in Party building activities.

習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義思想，是對(duì)馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、 “三個(gè)代表”重要思想、科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的繼承發(fā)展，是馬克思主義中國(guó)化最新成果，是黨和人民實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)和集體智慧的結(jié)晶，是中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義理論體系的重要組成部分，是全黨全國(guó)人民為實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興而奮斗的行動(dòng)指南，必須長(zhǎng)期堅(jiān)持并不斷發(fā)展。

The thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era builds on and enriches Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory，the Theory of “Three Represents”， and the Scientific Outlook on Development. It represents the latest example of adapting Marxism to a Chinese context and encapsulates the practical experience and collective wisdom of our Party and the people. It is an important component of the theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and a guide to action for all our members and the Chinese people in general as we strive to achieve national renewal. The development of this thought is an on-going process.

新時(shí)代中國(guó)社會(huì)主要矛盾
The Major Challenge to China in a New Era

中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義進(jìn)入新時(shí)代，社會(huì)主要矛盾已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)化為人民日益增長(zhǎng)的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的發(fā)展之間的矛盾。中國(guó)穩(wěn)定解決了十幾億人的溫飽問(wèn)題，總體上實(shí)現(xiàn)小康，不久將全面建成小康社會(huì)，人民美好生活需要日益廣泛，不僅對(duì)物質(zhì)文化生活提出了更高要求，而且在民主、法治、公平、正義、安全、環(huán)境等方面的要求日益增長(zhǎng)。同時(shí)，中國(guó)社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力水平總體上顯著提高，社會(huì)生產(chǎn)能力在很多方面進(jìn)入世界前列，更加突出的問(wèn)題是發(fā)展不平衡不充分，這已經(jīng)成為滿足人民日益增長(zhǎng)的美好生活需要的主要制約因素。

In a new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the major challenge facing Chinese society has now become how to tackle unbalanced and inadequate development and satisfy the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life. With the basic needs of over a billion people met, and the building of a moderately prosperous society near completion, people are aspiring to a still better life. Not only have their material and cultural needs grown; there are also increasing calls for strengthened democracy, rule of law, fairness and justice, security, and environmental protection. While China has seen its overall output growing fast, and it now leads the world in many areas, we have been dogged by unbalanced and inadequate development, a drawback that has constrained our overall efforts to improve the people’s wellbeing.

中國(guó)社會(huì)主要矛盾的變化是關(guān)系全局的歷史性變化，對(duì)黨和國(guó)家工作提出了許多新要求。特別是要在繼續(xù)推動(dòng)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)上，著力解決好發(fā)展不平衡不充分問(wèn)題，大力提升發(fā)展質(zhì)量和效益，更好滿足人民在經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化、社會(huì)、生態(tài)等方面日益增長(zhǎng)的需要，更好推動(dòng)人的全面發(fā)展、社會(huì)全面進(jìn)步。

The evolution of the major challenge facing Chinese society represents a historic shift with wide-ranging ramifications, and calls for adjustment of many policies by the Party and the government. In our continued pursuit of overall socioeconomic development, we must focus on addressing the existing imbalances and inadequacies as well as quality and efficiency concerns in our development efforts. It is crucial to meet the ever-growing economic, political, cultural, and social needs of our people, step up environmental protection, and promote human development and social progress.

中國(guó)社會(huì)主要矛盾的變化，沒(méi)有改變中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨對(duì)中國(guó)社會(huì)主義所處歷史階段的判斷，中國(guó) 仍處于并將長(zhǎng)期處于社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段的基本國(guó)情沒(méi)有變，中國(guó)是世界最大發(fā)展中國(guó)家的國(guó) 際地位沒(méi)有變。中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨要牢牢把握社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段這個(gè)基本國(guó)情，牢牢立足社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段這個(gè)最大實(shí)際，牢牢堅(jiān)持黨的基本路線這個(gè)黨和國(guó)家的生命線、人民的幸福線，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和團(tuán)結(jié)全國(guó)各族人民，以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心，堅(jiān)持四項(xiàng)基本原則，堅(jiān)持改革開(kāi)放，自力更生，艱苦創(chuàng)業(yè)，為把中國(guó)建設(shè)成為富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧美麗的社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化強(qiáng)國(guó)而奮斗。

The evolution of the major challenge does not change our assessment that China is still and will long remain in the primary stage of socialism, and that China is still the world’s largest developing country. We should always bear in mind this basic fact, and implement the Party 's overarching strategy - one that is like a lifeline to our Party and our nation - that advocates an unswerving focus on improving the people’s wellbeing. It is our responsibility to guide the people in a joint effort to pursue economic development as our central task. We remain committed to the Four Cardinal Principles of upholding socialism, the people’s democratic dictatorship, leadership by the CPC, and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought. Our reform and opening up must continue. We will rely on ourselves and make trailblazing efforts to build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful.